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Convergence analysis of the ecological footprint: theory and empirical evidence from the USMCA countries
ArticleAbstract: The lower ecological footprint (EF) is the sine qua non condition of cleaner energy. The purpose ofPalabras claves:convergence, ecological footprint, Q40, Q54, TAR Panel Unit Root, USMCA CountriesAutores:Ahmad M., Irfan M., Isik C., Ongan S., Ozdemir D., Rafael AlvaradoFuentes:googlescopusAre economic growth and environmental pollution a dilemma?
ArticleAbstract: For the first time, this study introduces-proposes using the Armey curve hypothesis (ACH) for testinPalabras claves:ARMEY curve hypothesis, Augmented mean group estimator, CO emissions 2, E62, Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, Q50Autores:Ahmad M., Amin A., Bulut U., Isik C., Karakaya S., Ongan S., Rafael Alvarado, Rehman A.Fuentes:googlescopusReinvestigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by a composite model constructed on the Armey curve hypothesis with government spending for the US States
ArticleAbstract: This study reinvestigates the EKC hypothesis for US states with a new methodology that differs fromPalabras claves:The Armey curve hypothesis, the EKC hypothesisAutores:Ahmad M., Bulut U., Irfan M., Isik C., Karakaya S., Ongan S., Rafael Alvarado, Rehman A.Fuentes:googlescopusRetesting the EKC hypothesis through transmission of the ARMEY curve model: an alternative composite model approach with theory and policy implications for NAFTA countries
ArticleAbstract: We investigate the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for the NAFTA countrPalabras claves:ARMEY curve hypothesis, EKC hypothesis, NAFTA countries, Transmission mechanismAutores:Ahmad M., Bulut U., Hussain I., Irfan M., Isik C., Karakaya S., Ongan S., Rafael Alvarado, Rehman A.Fuentes:googlescopusRole of energy utilization intensity, technical development, economic openness, and foreign tourism in environmental sustainability
ArticleAbstract: Since intensive energy utilization in open macro economies has posed severe environmental challengesPalabras claves:Economic openness, Energy utilization intensity, Environmental sustainability, Foreign tourism industry, Sustainable Development, Technical developmentAutores:Isik C., Jabeen G., Ongan S., Rafael Alvarado, Wang D.Fuentes:googlescopusThe increases and decreases of the environment Kuznets curve (EKC) for 8 OECD countries
ArticleAbstract: In this paper, we investigate the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (henceforth, EKC) hypoPalabras claves:CCEMG estimator, Data decomposition, EKC hypothesis, Fixed-effect regression with Driscoll-Kraay, OECD countries, P18, P28, Q40, Q43Autores:Ahmad M., Irfan M., Isik C., Ongan A., Ongan S., Ozdemir D., Rafael AlvaradoFuentes:googlescopus