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Design and Construction of an Automated Pneumatic Storage/Retrieval System (AS/RS) by Means of Product Recognition with QR Codes

Abstract:

In the project, an automated storage and retrieval system AS/RS has been developed, in which, when a product enters a conveyor belt, it will be scanned with a QR code reader. Once the operation is done, the product is stored. The retrieval is done with the help of the HMI screen depending on the product to be extracted. A pneumatic system has been used for storage and retrieval, with the installation of linear actuators in order to create the three degrees of freedom X, Y, Z. A module design has been developed in SolidWorks software and a mechanical design study in ANSYS software. A pneumatic system has been used for storage and retrieval. With the installation of linear actuators, it has been possible to establish its three degrees of freedom X, Y, Z. A design for the construction of the module has been developed in SolidWorks software and a mechanical design study in ANSYS software. The system is connected through an Ethernet network under a Modbus TCP/IP communication protocol with a Siemens S7 1200 PLC. The pneumatic circuit works with a constant pressure of 1 bar, the opening of the flow control valves is in a range of 30% to 40%, which allows the passage of air to the actuators to control the forward and reverse speed in the plungers. These values have been established, considering the most optimal times for the process of storage and retrieval of objects. For the interaction of the devices, the PLC and the Arduino have been configured, establishing a link between client-server, in which, the client (PLC) will send a request message to the server (Arduino), the same that provides the QR code data. Through the MB_Client instruction, the QR coded data can be read to allow the operation of the storage process. The reception time of the 2-digit coded data is 1.17 seconds, from the QR reader to the HMI screen. From the knowledge acquired, it has been possible to understand the operation, the uses, and the applications of the systems (AS/RS), for which the assembly of the electrical, the pneumatic, and the mechanical components that are part of the didactic module has been carried out. Communication makes it possible to link two systems in order to create new programs based on QR code reading.