Detection of phytoplasmas associated to yellow leaf syndrome in Cuba.. Detección de fitoplasmas asociados al síndrome del amarillamiento foliar de la caña de azúcar en Cuba..

Abstract:

SACCHARUM; CANA DE AZUCAR; ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS; FITOPLASMASSince the first report about Yellow Leaf Syndrome of sugarcane (YLS), the disease has been associated to different etiological agents. Nowdays, it has a worldwide distribution. Estimated yield losses due to YLS are about 60% when susceptible varieties are used (3). The aim of this paper has been to determine the presence of phytoplasmas in sugarcane plants exhibiting YLS typical symptoms. Samples of sugarcane commercial varieties and clones from germplasm collection were analyzed using the following techniques: nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nPCR), radioactive Nucleic Acid Hybridization (r-NAH) and Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM). Probes and primers based on derivative sequences of phytoplasmas 16S rRNA were used. The presence of phytoplasmas was demonstrated in 100% of all 82 sugarcane plants from different varieties analyzed in this experiment showing YLS symptoms, or 85% from more than three hundred samples of leaves with typical YLS symptoms that were analyzed if the results are considered as individual foliar samples. Restriction fragment analysis after HaeIII digestion confirmed that PCR-amplifed products of these samples had a phytoplasmal origin. Not any relationship was established between the presence of phytoplasmas and the type of leaf or leaf brix values. Phytoplasmas were detected in commercial sugarcane varieties, germplasm collection clones and hybrids from early stages of breeding program. Resumen2: SACCHARUM; CANA DE AZUCAR; ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS …

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