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Addition of Sawdust and Polystyrene in the Elaboration of Adobe Blocks for Single-Family Homes and its Effect on Temperature Variation and Acoustic Conditioning in Ambato, Tungurahua

Abstract:

This experiment evaluates the use of sawdust and expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the elaboration of adobe blocks as thermal and acoustic constructive elements with low environmental impact. To begin with, a soil selection and analysis process were carried out based on E-080 standard, then traditional adobe blocks with a percentage of 5%, 10% and 15% of sawdust and EPS were added in each mix. A suitable chamber was built to carry out the tests, based on specific standards, the chamber was divided into two rooms by a wall of the abode block with the addition of sawdust and expanded polystyrene using a 5mm layer of mortar to correct joint errors, this was considered appropriate for making temperature and sound measurements with the SPARK LXi Data logger (PS-3600A). Based on the Ecuadorian Construction Standard, comfortable reference values were determined for the measurements. After 28-day elaboration, the blocks were tested under compression. This test showed that all the analyzed samples exceeded the minimum resistance of 1MPa established in the E-080 standard. It was the highest compressive strength obtained in blocks with 5% of sawdust and EPS with a maximum resistance of 2.66 MPa. In addition, it was obtained that the wall made of 10% and 15% of adobe sawdust and EPS present the best performance to thermal variation and acoustic conditioning based on the standards NCh 352, NCh 851 - NCh 849 and NCh 2865