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Diseño y construcción de un reactor para la elaboración de biodiesel y obtención de glicerina

Abstract:

At present there has been generated the need to reduce the emission of pollutant gases of greenhouse effect and the dependence of the fossil fuels, has created in the scientific community an interest for a constant search of new alternatives to produce energy and one of these fields is that of the generation of energy across the diesel engines. Between the options with major reception it is the utilization of the agricultural waste to produce biocombustibles. Of here it divides the decision to begin to generate biodiesel from vegetable oils, one of the motives for which we gave beginning to the production of this project of thesis. This project a substitute has as aim search to the conventional fuels that generate a great quantity of pollutants for the environment. When this study realizes what we want to come it is to verifying if it is viable to introduce this product to the Ecuadoran market resting to the environmental campaign that it includes to the world at present and to the low price to the one that might sell at the public, also it wants to be demonstrated if the compatibility exists with the vehicles that circulate on the market. All this analysis we will do it on having started the design and functioning of the reactor for the production of biodiesel, which will be obtained of the oil of African palm, which has a high index of production in the country. lx The process for the obtaining of the biodiesel begins with mixing the methylic alcohol and the hydroxide in a packing out of the reactor. We hope that the mixture dissolves in a minimal time of 15 minutes. Then the oil is transferred to the reactor. We activate the circuit of work of the reactor and hope that the oil comes to 50 "C with constant agitation. Later we spilt the metóxido that previously we leave it to react. We leave the mixture in agitation until the termocupla registers 65 Degrees Celsius and automatically the reactor was stopping working and we leave the mixture rests until the following day (minimum 8 hours). After this the products will