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Diversity and equity models

Abstract:

The challenge of maximizing the diversity of a collection of points arises in a variety of settings, and the growing interest of dealing with diversity resulted in an effort to study the management of equity. While the terms diversity and dispersion can be found in many optimization problems indistinguishable, we undertake to explore the different models behind them. In particular, this chapter describes the mathematical models for two diversity and three equity models. Additionally, we also review two related models that have recently received special attention. This chapter also reviews heuristics and metaheuristics for finding near-optimal solutions for these problems, where constructive and local search-based methods, such as greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP) and tabu search, play an important role.