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Effects of neem on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the predators Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Abstract:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of control and adverse effects of two neem based products: Azamax™ (Azadirachtin A/B 12g/L) and Neemseto™ (Azadirachtin A/B, Nimbin and Salanin 2,389 g/L) over two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and the predators Phytoseiulus macropilis and Neoseiulus californicus in laboratory. Effects over the mortality, fecundity, eggs and biological persistence of the two-spotted spider mite when treated with neem based products were evaluated. For the phytoseiids the effects on mortality and fecundity were evaluated. The maximum mortality of two-spotted spider mites rates observed were 89.7% and 91.5% for Azamax™ and Neemseto™ respectively, on the 0.5% concentration after reapplying the product on the seventh day. Adverse effects were also observed over the fecundity and viability of the eggs when treated with commercial products (c.p.). The biological persistence of the products was of approximately three days after being pulverized. The formulations present selectivity in relation to the phytoseiids, however they caused fecundity reduction.