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Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite in root canal disinfection

Abstract:

In endodontic treatment, root canal irrigation is considered one of the most important clinical steps. Sodium hypochlorite is the irrigant substance of first choice due to its properties, such as the disintegration of pulp tissues and especially the elimination of bacterial colonies inside root canals. Objective: To analyze the benefits of sodium hypochlorite as the irrigant of first choice. Methods: A search of relevant information was carried out in the following databases: Scielo, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Pubmed, including research under inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The concentration of sodium hypochlorite most commonly used in the studies is 2.5%, there is no statistically significant difference with the 5% concentration. It could be evidenced that there is a considerable reduction when NaOCl is used for 1 minute and the percentage of bacterial elimination increases when the exposure is for a longer time. At the clinical stage, the increase in temperature at low concentrations of NaOCl by means of ultrasonic activation enhances the action of dissolution of organic matter. Con-clusions: Sodium hypochlorite is the irrigating substance that eliminates the greatest amount of organic material, its antibacterial function is proven, being effective even against some spores and resistant microorganisms.