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Energy determination and gamma/hadron separation using the lateral distribution of EAS for the 100 TeV gamma-ray astronomy

Abstract:

We study the energy determination of the gamma-ray induced air shower and gamma/hadron sep- aration using the lateral distribution of extensive air shower in the energy range between 10 TeV and 1000 TeV. For this purpose, we carry out a detailed MC simulation assuming the Tibet air shower array located in Tibet, at an altitude of 4,300 m above sea level. In this paper, we define S30, which is the particle density at 30 m from the air shower axis, as a new energy estimator. Using the S30, the energy resolutions are estimated to be approximately 40% at 10 TeV and 15% at 100 TeV in the rage of the zenith angle q < 20°. We also compare the reconstructed age distribution between the gamma-ray induced air shower and the hadronic cosmic-ray air shower. The age parameter may help to discriminate between the primary gamma rays and the hadronic cosmic rays independent of the muon information.