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Epidemiological and microbiological features of 86 confirmed meningococcal disease cases in Cuba, 1998-2007

Abstract:

The present study describes the behavior of meningococcal disease in 86 cases notified with isolation of Neisseria meningitidis in Cuba from 1998-2007, through spatial and temporal distribution of cases, phenotypic characterization of isolated strains and identification of some host risk factors that may affect phenotypic switching of strains. Percentages and the rate of changes of the strain phenotypic structure with different criteria were calculated. Children under one year old (30.2%) and meningitis (76.7%) were predominant. Case-fatality rate was 15.1%. The 58.1% of cases were ill with the same vaccine strain phenotype (B:4:P1.19,15). Phenotypic changes were detected in 41.9% of the isolates, mainly in children of 5-9 years old who live in western and central regions. Children that fell ill in July, September, December and April and live in Matanzas, Havana and Villa Clara provinces were associated to phenotypic switching of strains.