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Epidemiology and outcome of bacteremia at St Luke’s Medical Center: a one-year prospective study

Abstract:

Clinically significant bloodstream infection (BSI) continues to be a major health problem especially with the growing concern with its changing frequency, epidemiology and microbiology. We conducted a 12-month prospective, observational study from September 2002 to August 2003 to determine the epidemiologic, clinical and microbiologic profile as well as the outcome of adult patients with bacteremia admitted at St. Luke's Medical Center. All admitted patients aged 18 years old and above with clinically significant bloodstream infection were included. Hospital charts of bacteremic patients were carefully reviewed and data were collected and encoded in a bacteremia surveillance sheet. Statistical analysis was employed to determine significant predictors of outcome. A total of 134 episodes of bacteremia were reported with 69 (51.1%) episodes of communityacquired BSI and 66 (48.9%) episodes of nosocomial BSI. Majority were secondary bacteremias (56.3%), most of which came from the respiratory tract (30.3%). There were 42 cases of nosocomial primary bacteremia most of which were related to catheter-related intravascular infection. There was no significant difference in the incidence of bacteremia by gender. The highest number of bacteremia was seen among patients between 71-80 years old at 22.2%. Cardiac insufficiency, diabetes mellitus and malignancy were the most common underlying illnesses seen. Among patients with malignancy, those with leukemias, lymphomas and colonic cancers had the highest rate of bloodstream infection. Fever was the most frequent clinical finding while an abnormal white blood cell count was the …