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Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Vismia macrophylla Leaves and Fruits Collected in Táchira-Venezuela

Abstract:

Hydrodistillation of Vismia macrophylla Kunth (Hypericaceae) leaves (L) and fruits (F) yielded 1.3%, v/w, and 5.6%, v.w, of essential oil, respectively. GC and GC-MS analyses showed the presence of twenty-four (96.4%, L) and thirty-one (96.6%, F) components, respectively. Major compounds identified in the leaf oil were δ-bisabolene (44.4%) and γ-bisabolol (14.9%), while those in the fruit oil were germacrene-D (12.1%), δ-cadinene (10.7%) and δ-bisabolene (22.3 %). Oil obtained from the fruits of V. macrophylla showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212) as well as Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli ATCC 25922), with MIC values ranging from 150 μL/mL to 740 μL.mL. Oil obtained from leaves were active only on the Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus (100 μL.mL) and E. faecalis (500 μL.mL), but also showed antiyeast activity against Candida albicans CDCB385 and C. krusei ATCC 6258 (600 μL/mL, each).