Estudio de grados de alergia a ácaros del polvo (Dermatophagoides Farinae y Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus) mediante el método "Prick test" en caninos aparentemente sanos de las razas Boyero de Berna, Akita Americano, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever y Schnauzer en el centro canino "De Patas" en el sector de Tumbaco

Abstract:

The Skin Prick Test (SPT) is an essential in vivo test based on reproducing in a local manner, the process of type 1 hypersensitivity across the inoculation of selected allergens in the dermis of the patient, with the end goal of establishing the sensitivity in allergic diseases mediated by specific IgEs. As a reference, positive (histamine) and negative (saline) controls were utilized, making measurements every 5, 10 and 15 minutes in order to appreciate the evolution of the skin reaction; using 2 methods of measurement (quantitative and semi-quantitative). The objective of the conducted experiment was to determine the degree of allergy of the two principal types of dust mites, in 26 canines who were apparently healthy, of the breeds Bernese Mountain, American Akita, Schnauzer, Labrador and Golden Retriever in the canine center ¨De Patas¨, located in Tumbaco. Measurements of the histamine wheals were made, and through the use of the Fisher Test, both methods were compared, determining that the correlation between them both were not constant and varied according to time and breed. Therefore, it was established that in order for a more objective interpretation to be made, one of the two methods must be previously selected and applied throughout the entirety of the test. Out of the total sample, 5 patients (19,23%) resulted in being positive, with (++) and (+++) degrees of allergies, highlighting that 2 of them were Golden and Labrador Retriever, which were breeds with a genetic pbkp_redisposition for allergic diseases, the remaining breed was Schnauzer. In accordance with the independent variables established: age, gender, nutrition and weight, it wasn´t possible to determine their influence at the time of manifestation or absence of sensitivity, as a result of having a reduced and varied samples in each group. However, the habitat in which the animals lived met the conditions of humidity in order for the dust mites to reproduce with ease. Concluding that this test is useful when there is a genetic pbkp_redisposition to an allergy without clinical signs, since all the patients in this study were apparently healthy. It is essential that this test is not taken as a definitive diagnostic method, but as a support that complements the patient’s history and clinical signs.

Año de publicación:

2017

Keywords:

• DERMATITIS
• Caninos
• ALERGIA
• PATRICK TEST
• ACÁROS

Fuente:

rraae