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Estudio del Efecto que tienen las actividades humanas y patrones climáticos de gran escala en las sequías en el Ecuador

Abstract:

The present research analysis the relationship between drought and large – scale climate patterns ENSO, PDO and AMO, as well its relation with human activities over continental Ecuador. For this purpose we analyzed 29 weather stations with common analysis period 1970 – 2014, distributed in study area. For the drought determination the monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used. It was represented by map elaboration using kriging interpolation. For the second part of study maps of land cover and soil use were used, in which areas of greatest influence were defined, thus determining the human activities change and comparing with their respective SPI map. As result of this investigation it is concluded that the ENSO in its positive phase causes several rainfall in the Costa and Sierra regions, the Amazon is not affected by large scale climatic patterns. The most several drought do not happened in the cool period of ENSO, but in the neutral stage, Nevertheless relationship with other oscillations like PDO and AMO was established. In Addition the human activities have relation with increase and decrease of humidity.