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Evaluación de la calidad del agua en sectores productores de brócoli (brassica oleracea), en la parroquia Guaytacama, del cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi, periodo 2019 – 2020.

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to determine the state of water quality in the broccoli (Brassica oleracea) producing areas in the parish of Guaytacama in the province of Cotopaxi. This territory is the largest exporter of this agricultural product in the country. In the proposed investigation, the productive areas and their water sources were visited to determine the sampling sites, through in situ identification and georeferencing. Parameter monitoring was done at four specific points: Nintanga channel, Nintanga 2 channel, Santa Inés channel and groundwater. Water quality assessment of the study area was conducted at two points: the first in October at planting time and the second in January at harvest. The samples were sent to an accbkp_redited laboratory for their respective analysis. The results of the analysis of the samples were compared with the parameters established in Annex 1 of Book VI of the TULAS; environmental quality and effluent discharge standard: water resource. The parameters evaluated were pH, arsenic, nitrates, nitrites, chlorides, manganese, cadmium, zinc, sulfates, dissolved oxygen, and fecal coliforms. When compared with the regulations, the results of the two samples were within the permissible limits, such as pH, arsenic, nitrates, nitrites, copper, manganese, cadmium, zinc and sulfates, while the parameters that exceed the permissible limits are fluorides, dissolved oxygen and fecal coliforms. The point with the lowest values recorded in the parameters, compared to the others, is groundwater. Also, the water quality index (WQI) was calculated, using the parameters: fecal coliforms, pH, BOD5, nitrates, phosphates, temperature change, turbidity, total dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen. In the Nintanga 1 and Nintanga 2 channels, results were obtained within the range of 26 to 50%, this result indicates water quality; bad, in the Santa Inés ditch and Groundwater has results in the range of 51 - 70%, this result indicates water quality; regular.