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Evaluation of geosites as an alternative for geotouristic development in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Abstract:

The geodiversity consists of a wide variety of geological elements that can be considered as a heritage, due to the unique characteristics of a specific place. The analysis focuses on Guayaquil, a cosmopolitan city, considered the pearl of the Pacific and the main port of Ecuador, its birth and location are marked by features of geodiversity that, in one way or another, have marked the development of the city in interaction with the social, economic and cultural activities of its inhabitants. Its heritage values highlight some elements of geodiversity, becoming an icon of the Ecuadorian coast. The aim of this research is to evaluate 12 geosites belonging to the city using the Brilha and Medina assessment methodology for the enhancement of their resources contributing to education and tourism. The methodological process includes: (i) geological and geographical framework of Guayaquil; (ii) cataloging 12 sites with geological and mining interest within the study area; (iii) assessment of geosites using the designated methodologies; and (iv) analysis of strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats (SWOT) and generation of a matrix of threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths (TOWS) through a cross of SWOT variables for the establishment of strategies of development in geosites in the geoturistic field. The manifestations of geodiversity obtained show the existence of an important geological and mining heritage with geoturistic incidents within the territory of the city, establishing that the 12 points of interest considered serve as basic tools for the consideration of natural resources, which complement the great biodiversity of the ecosystems linked to the mangrove that make it a candidate to preserve the biosphere, adding the unique characteristics of the environmental and tourist geological sector with a view to dissemination and promotion as an alternative in conservation that serve to enhance opportunities for society.