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Evaluation of the antagonistic effect of a biofilm with extracts of Samanea saman against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides responsible for anthracnose in mango

Abstract:

The antagonistic activity of ethanolic (EE) and hydroethanolic (EHE) extracts from bark and methanolic (EM) from Samanea saman fruit was evaluated in vitro using the suitable diffusion method against the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloesporioides; responsible for anthracnose, to evaluate their suitability for incorporation in biodegradable coatings that help control post-harvest diseases in mango (Mangifera indica). Only EM showed significant inhibitory activity (MIC140µL / mL) in crude oil, with an IC50 of 81.85µL / mL. By increasing the concentration of EM in the coating-extract system from 140 µL / mL to 200 µL / mL, a considerably higher inhibitory response was achieved, bringing mycelial growth to low reproduction levels the fungus under study. The phytochemical screening of the different solvents showed the presence of secondary metabolites in a varied way; However, comparatively, the methanolic extract (EM) of the fruit presented the highest amount of these compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and resins that have been identified for their properties, as potent antimicrobials and natural antioxidants.