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Evaluation of the antifungal capacity of ethanolic extracts of propolis against anthracnose in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.)

Abstract:

Anthracnose is a fungal disease that has an important incidence in tree tomato crops. It is caused by the phytopathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Or its teleomorph Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman). The present investigation evaluated the antifungal capacity of propolis, a derivative of apicultural products, obtained in three different locations in Norte Santander (Oripaya, San Cayetano, Los Patios). Initially, a characterization of the resin was carried out by identifying its physicochemical properties, such as: ash 3.56 ± 0.64%; humidity 5.11 ± 0.11%; insoluble material 5.11 ± 0.11%; oxidation index 49 ± 1%; melting points 80.90 ± 3.21; UV absorption spectrum in the range of 270 to 350 nm such as: ash, moisture, insoluble material, oxidation index, melting points, UV absorption spectrum and subsequently, the percentage of inhibition of microorganisms was verified using the technique of antibiotic sensitivity test with three concentrations of ethanol extract of propolis EEP (10%, 20%, 30%). It was found that the propolis comply with international standards for the parameters of ash, humidity, melting points and absorption spectra of ultra violet (UV) radiation, evidencing the quality of propolis and the presence of flavonoids, besides it was found that the propolis of the locality of Oripaya at 10% has greater capacity of inhibition against C. gloeosporioides (Penz.).