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Factors associated with low weight at birth in a group of ecuadorian neonates

Abstract:

Low birth weight (LBW) constitutes one of the main current obstetric problems, it is related to 70% of perinatal mortality, there are associated factors related to social, demographic and biological determinants. Objective: To identify the factors associated with low birth weight in neonates at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Materials and methods: Study with a quantitative, correlational cross-sectional approach, the sample size was 405 patients, resulting from the application of the estimated calculation for a finite sample. For data collection, the observation technique was applied based on a previously validated instrument. Results: It was observed that the most predominant factors related to low birth weight are 28.9% maternal age, thyroid disease, vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, anemia, history of alcohol, number of live births, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, infections Gestational urinary tract and tobacco are the most prevalent in this study. Conclusions: It was observed that 28.9% are mothers between 15 and 35 years old, and have a history of thyroid disease, anemia, gestational arterial hypertension and pre-eclampsia are factors that lead to a high percentage of neonates with low birth weight.