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Anti-inflammatory and antimitotic effect of the alcoholic extract and chemical composition of the oil from Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (deer shinbone) leaves

Abstract:

Introduction: the Conyza bonariensis (L). Cronquist species, usually called deer shinbone is of American origin. Objectives: to contribute to the pharmacological and toxicological study of alcoholic extracts and to the chemical assessment of C. bonariensis leaf oil from Ecuador. Methods: two 50% tinctures of 70% and 90% ethanol content in dry leaves were used. A phytochemical study was conducted by an combined system of mass spectrometry and gas chromatography; the amniotic effect was determined using plate dilution inhibition with surface culturing by dissemination, and the anti-inflammatory effect in the Croton oil induced ear edema model in OF1 line albino mice. Results: the phytochemical screening showed the presence of essential oils, triterpene-steroids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, quinones, anthocyanidines, saponins and reducing compounds. The structures of 32 essential oil components extracted from the leaves were identified along with and the sesquiterpene trans-β-farnesene that was the major component (70.82%), this compound is reported for the first time in this species. The hydroalcoholic extract (25 μL on each side of the treated ears) significantly inhibited inflammation compared to benzidamine. Conclusions: hydroalcoholic extracts showed anti-inflammatory effect in the experimental conditions of the study and the chemical composition of C. bonariensis leaf oil was identified.