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Genetic Evolution of coronaviruses, challenges for public

Abstract:

Human coronaviruses have been known since the 1960s, considered potentially harmless endemic viruses with seasonal distribution before the end of 2002. CoVs are found in a large number of wild and domestic animals. The first pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV coronavirus was recognized in late 2002 in Guangdong Province and resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality. This was followed by MERS-CoV, which began in 2012 on the Arabian Peninsula with multiple outbreaks related to it in various parts of the world. Several studies have suggested the mechanism by which these viruses entered from their natural reservoirs through intermediate hosts such as civets and camels in the case of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV respectively. The objective of this work was to carry out a review of the newest knowledge about the origin and evolution of the main pathogenic coronaviruses, highlighting the diversity and the potential for the spread of these microorganisms, transmitted by various intermediate hosts.