Identification of banana mutants resistant to juglone, a toxin produced in black Sigatoka disease, using gamma rays coupled with in vitro techniques

Abstract:

In banana, many breeding attempts have been made, especially for the commercial'Cavendish'types that are popular worldwide. However, since'Cavendish'banana is characterized by such traits as female sterility and parthenocarpy, the breeding programs can not be easily implemented. Thus, radiation breeding could become a promising method in banana breeding programs. The present study was carried out using both tissue culture and gamma ray irradiation methods, to develop mutants resistant to black Sigatoka disease. Recalcitrant black Sigatoka disease is caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet. In the current experiment, the following cultivars were subjected to tissue culture;'Onto','Williams' and'Cavendish Enano'which are commercial cultivars susceptible to black Sigatoka disease.'FHIA-01'which is an improved cultivar resistant to the disease was used for comparison with the susceptible irradiated cultivars. The four cultivars were exposed to gamma rays, and mutants displaying different reactions from the control to juglone used as a host-specific toxin were developed and their resistance to black Sigatoka disease was evaluated. A total of 694 plants were screened among four cultivars, by immersing their leaf discs into juglone solutions. Out of these, 20, 8 and 5 plants in the'Onto', Williams' and'Cavendish Enano'lots, respectively, which showed a necrotic area less than 10 mm2 produced by juglone, were selected.

Año de publicación:

2005

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