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Immunological responses, lysosomal stability and micronucleus frequency in Eurythoe complanata (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae) exposed to water-soluble fraction of crankcase oil

Abstract:

Cell viability, total coelomocytes count (TCC), phagocytosis and lysozymes activity, lysosomal membrane stability, and micronucleus frequency were determined in coelomocytes of the polychaete Eurythoe complanata exposed to 3% of water-soluble fraction of crankcase oil (WSFCO) or to 200 µg Cd/L, during 21 days. Additionally. Body mass and molecular ratios of growth (protein/RNA, protein/DNA and RNA/ DNA) were determined. Viability, TCC and phagocytosis decreased in polychaete exposed to WSFCO associated to an increased destabilization of lysosomal membranes and micronucleus frequency (MNF), but not in organisms exposed to Cd lysozyme activity. Body mass and the indices protein/RNA and RNA/DNA did not vary among the experimental organisms; an increment of protein/DNA was only observed among organisms exposed to WSFCO, indicating an elevation of protein synthesis. The cellular and molecular responses evaluated constitute important biomarkers for the evaluation of environments impacted by these mixtures of xenobiotics.