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Implantation of permanent pacemakers in Cuenca-Ecuador, 2017-2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The frequency of permanent pacemaker placement has increased in recent years, secondary to several risk factors, some of them modifiable. Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the implantation of permanent pacemakers in adult patients in the area of Cardiology of the Hospital “José Carrasco Arteaga”, 2017. Methodology: a descriptive-analytical study, randomized cohort was conducted in 422 patients older than 18 years of age in the cardiology area of the “José Carrasco Arteaga” hospital in Cuenca-Ecuador, January-December 2017. The information was processed in the SPSS program version 24.0. For the analysis, descriptive statistics were used based on frequencies and percentages, the statistical association was measured with the Odds Ratio (OR) with a confidence interval of 95% and it was considered statistically significant when it presented values of p <0.05. Results: the prevalence of pacemaker implantation is 7.1%, its mean age 65.52 (SD ± 14.77), the male sex predominated. The risk factors associated with pacemaker implants were: atrioventricular block OR 42.56 (95% CI: 16.06 - 112.73, p = 0.000); sinus node disease OR 59.34 (95% CI: 11.67 - 301.93, p = 0.000) and other OR 0.017 (95% CI: 0.00 - 0.05, p = 0.000). Atrial fibrillation had an association but no statistical significance OR 1.71 (95% CI: 0.62-4.71, p = 0.354). Conclusions: The prevalence of pacemaker implantation was 7.1% and it was associated with ventricular atrial block as the main risk factor, followed by node disease and others.