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Importance of pilot navigation planning in naval squad units

Abstract:

What do the Honda Point Naval Tragedy in 1923 have in common with the stranding incidents of the USS Hartford in 2003, the USS Port Royal in 2009, the USS Guardian in 2013 and the USS Antietnam in 2017? In the 21st century, accidents involving one or more warships continue to occur, despite technological advances, or improvements in what is known about navigation. The purpose of this article is to provide a relationship between one of the initial phases of the navigation process: pilot planning, and its application in navigation safety, with a current approach to warships. To this end, claims conclusions have been collected, and publications and authors have been carefully reviewed, and then analyzed the role of the human factor in planning and piloting, as well as the operational environment in which the vessel operates. The work concludes with some considerations that can be taken as recommendations.