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Improvements on Disturbance Rejection in Steam Distillation through IMC-based PID Design

Abstract:

Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller has been applied in a wide range of industrial applications since its simpleness and non-hardware limitations. However, only depending on the tuning technique, its efficiency can be highly improved in order to reach process requirements. This paper presents a cascade scheme control system for the temperature in a steam distillation for essential oils extraction process. Temperature is one of the most crucial parameters that can define the quality of the essential oil in a distillation process. Although, as many real systems, there are some disturbing signals that need to be treated in a controller design due to robustness, fast response and closed - loop stability approach. The tuning technique, for both, inner and outer controller, is based on Internal Model Control (IMC) rules, where pressure has been considered as the disturbing signal. Moreover, a contrast is made between the performance of the IMC rules and other tuning methods: Ziegler Nichols and Skogestad - IMC. The simulation results demonstrate that the IMC controllers under the cascade scheme gives a better performance compared to the other methods when set point tracking and disturbance rejection are measured.