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Incidence and clinical characteristics of newborn with hyperbilirubinemia from the hospital general jose maria velasco Ibarra, Ecuador

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical characteristics of neonatal patients with hyperbilirubinemia at the Hospital General José María Velasco Ibarra, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study of newborns handled at the Hospital General José María Velasco Ibarra, specifically those hospitalized for jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia during the period from January to December 2018, clinical data from the records in the statistical department of the aforementioned hospital, the accumulated incidence was calculated during 2018. Results: Out of the 2108 newborns, 84 were evaluated for jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia, evidencing an accumulated incidence of 3.98% in 1 year. The prevalence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia was 17.9%; with a general average of total bilirubin 11.9±3.1mg/dL. Among patients with hyperbilirubinemia, there was a mild predominance in females (51.2%, n=43), only 14.3% (n=12) were born with <37 weeks of gestation, 94% (n=79) received breastfeeding. The most frequent diagnoses during the inpatient stay were ABO incompatibility with 64.3% (n=54) and sepsis with 20.2% (n=17), while 75% (n=63) received simple phototherapy with lamp. Conclusion: The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates from the Hospital General José María Velasco Ibarra was 3.98% in 2018, lower than other population studies worldwide. However, it is important to consider the numerous cases that are due to pathological conditions such as ABO incompatibility and sepsis.