Inducción de resistencia en tomate contra Alternaria solani Sor. mediante activadores químico y biológicos en campo

Abstract:

Tomato early blight (Alternaria solani Sor.) is a prevalent disease in the humid subtropics of Western Cuba. The effect of pretreatment of the susceptible tomato cultivar HC-3880 with Glomus clarum, Arthrospira platensis and acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) was determined under field conditions. Seven treatments (mycorrhizas, spirulina, ASM, their combinations, and an untreated control) were studied to assess the plant enzymatic activity and response to the disease after artificial inoculations of a mixture of A. solani strains. The mycorrhizas were inoculated only once at planting by coating the seeds. The other inductors were applied by foliar spray, ASM one week and spirulina one day before inoculation of A. solani to all the plants, including the control, at 104 days of planting. The induction of six enzyme systems was determined at 0d, 1d, 7d and 10d after pathogen inoculation. After 10-12d of pathogen inoculation, the necrotic leaf area (NLA), number of spots per leaf (SPL) and yield were determined. The increase in enzyme activity and protection against the pathogen were minimal in the spirulina and control treatments. The combination mycorrhizas-ASM induced higher enzyme activity than the other treatments, with significant differences for glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase. The NLA (14.04%) in this treatment was lower (but not significantly), than in the other five. The NLA discriminated the treatments better than the SPL and yield. In general, those treatments including ASM showed better results.

Año de publicación:

2016

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