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Land Systems, Natural Hazards, and Risks. How a Unique Geospatial Model Integrates Multi-natural Hazard Risks into the Land Administration System

Abstract:

The frequency and magnitude of natural disasters, increased by anthropic factors such as the intensification of agricultural activities, population growth, pressure on natural resources, and climate change, cause economic losses and negatively impacts the economy, health and security. One of the most effective solutions to deal with the risks associated with these events is prevention through proper land use planning, in which land administration systems provide land-related data for better decision-making, policy frameworks, and information infrastructures. The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), ISO 19152:2012, allows each plot’s rights, restrictions, and responsibilities, among others, to be considered at the municipal level, in accordance with adequate risk management. In this work, 1) the LADM, 2) the AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 risk management system developed for New Zealand, and 3) the criteria used in Ecuador for the spatial planning of municipalities are combined in a single process. Next, applying the business management model to define the stakeholders and the main integrated processes in a single system was considered. Finally, the conceptual model for using land administration tools in managing natural hazards is presented, relating in a single system, the cadaster, tenure, value, planning, and use of the land.