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Landslide Monitoring System Through Wireless Sensor Network Using RTK Technique: Case of Study Basin of Loja City

Abstract:

The case of the study uses a designed remote landslide monitoring system with a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), and the location of the study is the valley of the Loja city in Ecuador. Landslides occur in areas where there is a greater soil moisture accumulation, taking into account other intrinsic and extrinsic land factors such as vegetation cover, rain intensity, topology, and composition. Soil moisture (densitometric method), rainfall and soil displacement through georeferenced GPS (Global Position System) position are the environmental variables analyzed in this research. Using two GPS, Reach RTK-GNSS (Real-Time Kinematic-Global Navigation Satellite System) modules, with centimeter precision through the use of RTK technique, and by configuring one as a base station and the other as a rover (mobile point) the correlation position is improved. The measurements were compared between the rover and a millimeter professional equipment using DGPS (Differential Global Position System). Moreover, WSN is designed with a star topology network, establishing communication between gateway and node by means of XBee-Pro technology, and using the gateway as a coordinator element and using the node as a data acquisition element. However, for sending the information to an IoT (Internet of Things) platform on the cloud, mobile communication network over GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) to remote monitoring from any device with Internet access is utilized.