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Metamorphosis and Dynamics of Inorganic Species in the Waters of the Chone Multiple Purpose Dam, Ecuador

Abstract:

The concentration of chemical species in natural water is determined by numerous physical-chemical phenomena such as mixing, dissolution, suspension, sedimentation, complex reactions, among others, that determine the presence of certain cations and anions in natural water; these processes are altered by changes in temperature, caused by climate change, which modify the mobility and dilution of pollutants and other chemical substances. This work is intended to determine the dynamics and metamorphosis of the concentrations of organic species in water, caused by the presence of Chone Multipurpose Dam and its possible relation with climate change in Chone, through a laboratory experiment causing evaporation and evaluating these changes through the analysis of evolutionary pathways, Piper trilinear diagrams and Gibbs diagrams of water samples taken between 2013 and 2018. According to the evolutionary paths, the water of the PPMCH has a metamorphosis oriented towards the alkaline sulfated route, water typology evolved from bicarbonated calcic and magnesic water to 2018 where chlorine ions predominate. Additionally, in 2018, the concentration of nitrates decreased in the period of low water and rain due to its capacity to become a limiting nutrient. The processes that dominate the surface water chemistry in the rainy season have a predisposition to the mineralization in equilibrium with the rocks; however, the increase of the global temperature can generate a predisposition of waters towards the area.