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Optimal geographical placement of phasor measurement units based on clustering techniques

Abstract:

In this paper, we propose an optimal deployment of phasor measurement units (PMUs), devices that allow the measurements of voltage and current parameters in electrical power systems (EPS). We assume a geo-referenced scenery and candidate places for the location of PMU's on each system node. We consider an optimization model to minimize the number of PMU's in the electrical system under a percentage of system observability. We use pseudo-optimal clustering techniques that allow us to contrast with the optimization model where the lowest number of PMUs are activated with the best system observability; therefore, through this research it is proposed an homogeneous group of EPS nodes, considering the minimum and maximum quantity of nodes that belong to the cluster-centroid; furthermore, we consider take the feasible and candidates system nodes, and the maximum link distance is proposed like a restriction, for the PMU placement on each system node, and it is determines which the observability percentage.