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Optimization of Branch-Line Hybrid Couplers for Ku-Band Applications in SIW Technology

Abstract:

This paper presents an in-line optimization process for the design of branch-line couplers in Ku-band, using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology with microstrip transitions. This optimization process uses a link between CST Microwave Studio and Matlab, the formulation of objective functions, and the Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm, which made it possible to obtain optimal designs in the waveguide and SIW technology, with couplings around 3 ± 0.88 dB and isolations lower than 20 dB and a phase difference of 90 ± 2° between the output ports, for the frequency band between 14.0 GHz and 16.0 GHz; and all with a reduction of around 14 % of the computation time required when compared with the optimizer of the CST program.