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Osteoblastic cells biomineralized on bioactive glass and glass-ceramics of the SiO<inf>2</inf>Na<inf>2</inf>O.CaO.K<inf>2</inf>O.MgO. P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> system modified with Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> and B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>

Abstract:

A treatment study evaluates glass and glass-ceramics of the Na2O·CaO·K2O·MgO· SiO2·P2O5 system, modified with B2O3, Al2O3 or B2O3/Al2O3 up to 0.66. Both, bioactivity using simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion and mineral nodule formation using calvaria derived osteoblasts, were tested. The surface structure changes were examined by SEM-EDX line scan X-ray microanalysis and calcium deposition by the alizarin-red test. It was found that all compositions of glasses as well as glass- ceramics reacted with the SBF, allowing the development of a SiO2 rich layer. In some cases the presence of a rich calcium and phosphorous layer was observed, that according to other studies, corresponds to the apatite layer identified in previous studies. This result suggests a bioactivity behavior, with the exception of the glass containing B2O3/Al2O3 = 0.66 and the glass- ceramic of the same composition with a 2nd heat treatment. The composition containing B2O3/Al2O3 = 0.66 showed the best biocompatibility with hydroxyapatite nodule formation on its surface, especially on the glass-ceramics.