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Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: Report of two cases and literature review

Abstract:

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity is a neurological emergency. Its pathophysiology is still unclear and there are no studies that support optimal treatment. The clinical tool developed in 2014 helps to have a degree of diagnostic certainty and allows the initiation of adequate and timely management. Ignorance of this entity leads to underdiagnosis and the use of unnecessary interventions and tests, increasing morbidity and mortality in patients. We present two clinical cases, one of the most frequent etiology: traumatic brain injury and the second, of a very rare etiology: fat embolism syndrome.