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Personal, social and institutional factors associated with academic performance in higher education

Abstract:

The study of the factors associated with academic performance is aimed at contributing to reflections on improving the quality of education in universities. The objective of this state of the art is to carry out a theoretical-scientific analysis of academic performance and its personal, social and institutional factors from a comprehensive view of higher education. The methodology used is qualitative–hermeneutic of a descriptive nature, based on the review of the theory of the factors associated with the academic performance of the university student. Academic performance is concluded to be multidimensional and multi-causal. The factors associated with academic performance are personal, social, and institutional. Personal factors include motivation for achievement, self-concept, self-efficacy and, personal satisfaction. Social factors include the family environment, friendships, the educational level of parents, especially the mother and, the socioeconomic level. Institutional factors involve infrastructure, technological resources, connectivity, recreation spaces, administrative areas, regulations and, the curriculum. A high level of self-efficacy, self-concept and, motivation for achievement are associated with better academic performance and increased school satisfaction. Likewise, membership in social environments such as family, university and, work field are specific characteristics of each student that necessarily affect their academic background. Finally, infrastructure, technology resources, connectivity, the student environment, and regulations have a significant influence on student performance. keywords