Pharmacogenetics tests in Ecuadorians mestizos: Ethnic genetics variations

Abstract:

The variability of the response to drugs focuses on the variation of genes that code for metabolizing enzymes such as cyto-chrome P450 and enzymes of drugs in phase II as the molecular receptors of signal transduc-tion. These include three genes of the cyto-chrome P450 family, CYP2D6, CYP2C19 and CYP2C9. Ethnicity, and therefore ancestry, is related to differences in responses to drugs. The aim of this study was a narrative and descriptive review about drug-genetic studies in Ecuador. Thirteen papers related to this topic were iden-tified, from 2008 to 2016, which have studied genes such as ABCC4, ADH1B, ADH1C, CYP 1A2, CYP 2A6, CYP 17A1, CYP 2C8, CYP 2C9, CYP 2C19, CYP 2D6, CYP 3A4, CYP 3A5, GST, MDR1, pvMDR1, SLCO1B1. The number of patients who do not respond favorably or who suf-fer serious adverse effects varies from one ethnic group or population to another. The few population studies conducted in Ecuadorian mestizo populations conclude that there is a clear inter-ethnic difference with European Cau-casian populations, and therefore, the response to drugs will be different. Therapeutic strategies should be adapted to each population and take into account the relationship between ethnicity and the frequency of drug-genetic biomarkers. Because variations in the prevalence of relevant gene variants in a population are well estab-lished, the study of Latin American populations, including native Amerindian groups, could con-tribute to diminishing health disparities among these individuals.

Año de publicación:

2018

Keywords:

• ECUADOR
• Genetic variants
• pharmacogenetics
• Ethnic Groups
• Mestizos
• Cytochrome p450

Fuente:

scopus