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Phytochemical Profile, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Native Amazonian Species of Ecuador Sarcorhachis sydowii Trel

Abstract:

In the present research, the essential oil of Sarcorhachis sydowii Trel was analyzed. The chemical composition was performed by GC/MS and GC/FID techniques. A total of 42 chemical compounds were identified which represent 98.53 % of the essential oil composition. The main compounds were (E)-caryophyllene (25.07 %). α-humulene (10.48 %), α-selinene (7.58 %), β-selinene (6.08 %) and α-phellandrene (5.37 %). In addition, a low amount of safrole (0.74 %) was identified. The antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity of the oil were assayed against two Gram-positive bacteria, five Gram-negative bacteria and two fungi. The essential oil from S. sydowii Trel exerted strong activity against Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 28185) with a MIC of 500 μg/mL. However, the EO did not show activity against any bacteria at the maximum concentration tested (1000 μg/mL). The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was explored using DPPH and ABTS methods, and the oils showed an IC50 of 950 μg/mL and 800 μg/mL, respectively. This is the first report on the chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil from this species.