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Phytochemical study of the plant species zanthoxylum sprucei (rutaceae) and Melampodium Divaricatum (Asteraceae)

Abstract:

The present work is based on a preliminary Phytochemical Study of the Zanthoxylum sprucei and Melampodium divaricatum species of the Rutaceae and Asteraceae families, respectively, in which the best conditions for the qualitative extraction of their metabolites are studied. These metabolites were extracted from the plants using the maceration and ultrasonic bath techniques at room temperature, and that of soxhlet at the boiling temperature of the solvent. The solvents used were petroleum ether and ethanol of a different polarity. Chemical tests were developed in order to determine alkaloids, anthocyanins, reducing sugars, phenols, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The phenolic composition of the extracts was evaluated by determining phenols and flavonoids through the use of spectrophotometric techniques, and the best results for the extracts were obtained by soxhlet and ultrasound. Furthermore, when determining the antioxidant activity of each extract, the extracts of the Zanthoxylum sprucei species were found to have a higher yield and a better response to the in vitro activity test than the Melampodium divaricatum species.