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Phytochemical, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization of leaves and bark of mimusops coriacea (A.dc) miq from Ecuador

Abstract:

Mimusops coriacea (A.DC) belonging to the family Sapotacea is a tree that grows widely in Ecuador. It is traditionally used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. There is no phytochemical information on the leaves and bark of the plant, or pharmacological studies that justifies its traditional use. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves and bark of M. coriacea. Extracts were obtained by maceration from leaves and bark, using 80% hydroalcohol as solvent. Total phenols were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoids by the colorimetric method of aluminum chloride and an analysis was performed by LC-MS. The antioxidant capacity by FRAP, DPPH and ABTS assays and anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats were evaluated. The results revealed a significant difference in the content of phenols and flavonoids, being higher for the leaf extract. Two glycosylated flavonoids (myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside and myricetin-3-O-glucoside) and two triterpenic saponins derived from protobasic acid were identified by LC-MS. The two extracts showed a high ferro-reducing capacity and antiradical activity, with the leaf extract being the most active (IC50 = 4.58 μg/mL, DPPH and 197.00 μg/mL, ABTS). Both the extract from the leaves and the bark showed an anti-inflammatory effect, somewhat higher than the extract from the leaves. The results provide the first findings on the chemical and biological study of the leaves and bark of M. coriacea that grow in Ecuador, which justifies the traditional use of the species as anti-inflammatory.