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Pituitary incidentaloma: Diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Abstract:

The continual technological development in the field of medical imaging offers more and more detail in the characterization of pathophysiological phenomena of the human body. These advances have conditioned an increase in the discovery of incidental findings, among which the tumor masses discovered incidentally or “incidentalomas” constitute a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for medical staff. Pituitary incidentalomas are special cases due to the significant risk of pituitary infarction, alterations of the visual field and endocrine dysfunction. This decision-making process must be guided by saving time, economic resources and human resources in order to guarantee better results. This review summarizes the various epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in the approach of pituitary incidentalomas.