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Pleural effusion in adults from the Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca-Ecuador, 2018

Abstract:

The pleural effusion creates a great impact at a biological, psychological and social level, associated with many causes, most of them modifiable, which determines the evolution and prognosis of the patient. The main objective of the current research was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with pleural effusion in patients who are in the clinic area of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital from period of january 2015 to december 2017. With regard to methodology an analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in 175 adult patients who were randomly chosen and who met the inclusion criteria. The information was processed by the SPSS program, version 23. For statistical analysis, frequency tables and percentages were used, the statistical association was measured with Odds Ratio (OR) with the 95% confidence interval and the association was statistically significant with values of p <0.05. In respect of the outcomes, the prevalence of the pleural effusion was 9.14%, the average age was 66.1 with a standard deviation of 17.97, it was more frequent in the male gender. A statistically significant association was observed in patients with a history of infections OR 7.23, (CI: 2.45-21.27 p 0.00 value), and other pathologies (renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) OR 15.75, (CI: 4.98-49.72 p-value: 0.00). To conclude, the prevalence of pleural effusion was 9.14% and is associated with the history of infections and other pathologies as risk factors, while those with a history of heart disease and neoplasms did not present statistical significance.