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Prevalence of arterial hypertension and correlation with psychosocial risk factors in the administrative staff of an institution of machala-Ecuador

Abstract:

Introduction: high blood pressure is a condition that in-volves a significant proportion of the population, its etiol-ogy is multifactorial in which intervene specific elements of the person and that surrounds it, where psychosocial risk is included, the latter affecting importantly to indi-viduals in their workplace, so the following study evaluated the prevalence of hypertension and its relationship with psychosocial risk factors in administrative workers in Machala, Ecuador. Methodology: it was an observational, descriptive, cor-relational and cross-sectional study of the administrative staff of Machala in 2018, which included a total sample of 182 workers of both sexes, to whom the F-PSICO ques-tionnaire was taken for the identification of psychosocial risk factors, in the same way the arterial pressure was evaluated by means of an auscultatory maneuver, defin-ing arterial hypertension as arterial pressure ≥140 / 90 mmHg, analyzing the data with the statistical program SPSS in its version 21 . Results: 59.3% were women, the age group from 30 to 39 years prevailing with 43.4%, followed by the 18-29 age group with 25.3%, the mean systolic blood pressure was 119.9 ± 9.5 mmHg, of the diastolic was 78.4 ± 7.1 mmHg, of the pressure mean was 92.3 ± 7.3 mmHg and of the pulse of 41.5 ± 7.0 mmHg, regarding psychosocial risk factors, the most affected were the workload and the psychological demands, while the least affected were the variety/content of the work, working time and autonomy, the prevalence of high blood pressure was 19,2%, where the variety/content of the work (r = 0.154; p = 0.038) and the performance of the role (r =-0.169; p = 0.022) were related to the diagnosis of the disease. Conclusions: psychosocial risks associated with arterial hypertension were found that must be controlled in administrative workers through occupational health and safety measures.