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Prevalencia de Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino y Factores Asociados, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2018

Abstract:

Background: Prematurity is a serious public health problem due to the morbidity and mortality that it presents, as well as the high economic and social costs that this generates with its care. General objective: To determine the prevalence of threatened preterm delivery and related factors in patients treated in the Emergency Area of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, during the year 2018. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 257 pregnant women from 22,0 to 36,6 weeks of pregnancy. The sample size was calculated with prevalence of 16,7 %, confidence level of 95 %, inference error of 5 % and infinite population. The data were obtained by direct interview and from the clinical histories were analyzed through the SPSS program, v 15; for the qualitative variables, frequencies and percentages were applied; to determine the association, chi-square was applied, prevalence ratio, 95 % confidence interval and value p. Result: The predominant maternal age is 20-34 years old, 67,3 %, urban residence, 72 %, prevalent instruction between 6 and 12 years old, 80,2 %, overweight and obesity 75,1 %. The prevalence of threat of preterm delivery was 21,4 % ( 95 % IC: 16.4-26.4), the predominant age was under 20 years old, which represents 24,1 %, and finally, 30,1 %, was concentrated in the 34,0-36,6 week of pregnancy. Of the group with threatened preterm delivery, 40% had urinary tract infection (RP: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.11-5.66, p: 0.035). The premature rupture of membranes was manifested in 70 %, (RP: 3.6, 95% CI: 2.23-5.81, p:0.000). Preeclampsia was evidenced in 45,5 % (RP: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.12-4.47, p 0.047). Conclusions: The prevalence of threat of preterm delivery was higher than the literature consulted and statistical relationship was found with urinary tract infection, rupture of membranes and preeclampsia.