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Prevalencia de estado fetal no satisfactorio y factores asociados, en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca Ecuador 2012

Abstract:

Background: The morbimortality for Fetal State not satisfactory due to perinatal asphyxia that is the major cause of early neonatal mortality in many countries in Latin America. Objective: To know the prevalence of the unsatisfactory fetal state and the major associated factors in pregnant women Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, Cuenca, Ecuador, 2012. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of prevalence, accomplished at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital with 740 parturients. Hypothesis: Unsatisfactory State Fetal occurs with more frequently when associated to hypertensive disorders, pregnant teens, maternal anemia, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, in the absence of these factors.. Results: The prevalence of Unsatisfactory State Fetal, was 14.9%, the associated factors presented the following effect size in this population: pregnant adolescent RP 0.95 (95% CI 0.65-1.38, p = 0.77), hypertensive disorder of pregnancy RP 2.73 (95% CI 1.94-3.83, p = 0.00), maternal anemia RP 1.88 (95% CI 1.32-2.69, p = 0.00), preterm labor RP 2.69 (95% CI 1.89-3.82, p = 0.00), rupture premature membrane RP 4.61 (95% CI 3.36-6.34, p = 0.00), pregnancy post-term RP 1.79 (CI 95% 1.01 – 3.02, p= 0.043), nulliparous RP 2.04 ( 95% CI 1.38-3.03,p = 0.000.Neonatal complications showed the following prevalence: Apgar score of 0-3 points in the first minute: 1.4% to 0.7%, the score between 4-6 points in the first minute 4.2% and the fifth minute 1.9%, the 27.3% of newborns with unsatisfactory Fetal State entered to the Neonatal Unit. Conclusions: Unsatisfactory Fetal State presented a high prevalence in the local population. The factors raised in this study were associated, with the teenage pregnancy exception. Also is other associated with post-term pregnancy and nulliparity. KEYWORDS: PREVALENCE, STATE FETAL UNSATISFACTORY, ASSOCIATED FACTORS, APGAR, NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. DeCS: FETAL DISTRESS-EPIDEMIOLOGY; RISK FACTORS; APGAR SCORE; NEONATOLOGY-STATISTICS & NUMERICAL DATA;HOSPITAL REGIONAL VICENTE CORRAL MOSCOSO; CUENCA-ECUADOR