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Prevalencia y factores clínico farmacológicos asociados a la prolongación del intervalo QTCB en adultos mayores atendidos en Centros Geriátricos y Gerontológicos de las parroquias urbanas de la ciudad de Cuenca, 2016

Abstract:

Background: It has been proven in several studies that the use of drugs able to prolong the QT interval corrected by Bazzet’s equation (QTcB) increases with age and cardiac diseases; therefore, an electrocardiogram screening may provide valuable information about cardiovascular vulnerability of the elderly. Goal: To identify the prolongation’s prevalence of the interval QTcB and the clinical-pharmacological factors associated among the elderly staying in gerontological and geriatric centers in the urban area of Cuenca. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 363 elderly residents of gerontological and geriatric centers of the urban area of Cuenca, which had an agreement with the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion during the year 2016; besides, all participants signed the informed consent. Participants were selected from seven different centers in a weighted and random fashion. A previously validated questionnaire was used; and, a EKG using standardized techniques was obtained. The QTc interval was defined using the Bazett’s equation; prevalence ratio with 95% CI and p<0.05 of significance was used to define the association analysis. Binary logistic regression was used for the bivariate analysis. The statistical software packages used were SPSS v19 and Epi Info v7. Results: The average age of the participants was 80±10 years, 52% were male and 48% female; 49,3% were singles and 25,6% were widowed; 90,4% were economically inactives, 78% had primary education. The prevalence of QTcB prolongation was 17,9%. Arterial hypertension, diabetes type 2, atrial fibrillation, cardiac failure, heart attack, bradycardia and hypotiroidis showed don’t be an associated factor. Significant association between chronic renal failure, valproic acid, allopurinol, alprazolam, clonazepam, and fluoxetine was found. Conclusions: The prolongation of the QTcB interval and the use of drugs with potential risk to prolong the aforementioned interval in elderly people was high