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Procedure to Identify Actors that Revitalize an Incipient Defense Industry Under the Five-Helix Approach

Abstract:

The development of any defense industry requires identifying actors, both public and private, whose efficient interrelation stimulates a sustainable innovation model that allows reducing exogenous technological dependence. In the work, a procedure was established for the identification of the actors associated with an incipient defense industry, as is the case of the Ecuadorian one, with the approach of the quintuple helix model. The procedure is based on the application of the prospective MACTOR method, a tool that allows analyzing stakeholder strategies and establishing future recommendations. Important conceptual nodes were identified in the subject of study, such as the linking of public and private actors, cooperation between them, the role of public policies and spending on R+D+i, the development of an innovation model that considers agents such as government, academia, industry, society and environmental agencies/organizations. The results of the work made it possible to delineate future research actions associated with the application of the procedure in order to identify for the Ecuadorian case the fundamental actors, their strategies, possible alliances, conflicts and recommendations for the future.