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A Survey on human-in-The-loop applications towards an internet of all

Abstract:

Our tools and appliances are becoming increasingly more intelligent and interconnected, giving birth to an 'Internet of Things' that can be used to support new types of cyber-physical systems (CPSs). While many CPSs are human-centric applications where humans are an essential part of the system, unfortunately, most of these systems still consider the human as an external and unpbkp_redictable element to the control loop. In order for these systems to better serve human needs, future CPSs will need to bolster a closer tie with the human element, through Human-in-The-Loop controls that take into consideration human intents, psychological states, emotions and actions inferred through sensory data. This area is a natural confluence of multidisciplinary focus but currently lacks a general understanding of the underlying requirements, principles and theory. As far as we know, this survey is the first effort towards extending the field's knowledge through an in-depth research of the state-of-The-art and a critical overview of the current taxonomic efforts in the area of Human-in-The-Loop CPSs. On top of this research, a novel taxonomic exercise focused on the general roles of the human component together with a requirement analysis, are presented.