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Removal of Phenanthrene from Contaminated Soils by Applying nZVI-R.g. and Subsequently with Biostimulation

Abstract:

This study evaluates the removal of phenanthrene from contaminated soils by applying nZVI-R.g. and subsequently with biostimulation. The nZVI-R.g were synthesized using blackberry (Rubus glaucus) extract as reducing agent and characterized by: DLS, UV-VIS, XRD, TEM. For the removal of phenanthrene in the contaminated soil, nZVI-R.g. were applied in solution, at room temperature using the Fenton method, the initial and final concentrations were determined by gas chromatography. The remaining soil was biostimulated for 16 d with the addition of inorganic fertilizer and the following were determined: i) percent removal, ii) removal kinetics ii) degrading bacterial kinetics (Most Probable Number) and iv) degrading bacterial population (Molecular Techniques). DLS and TEM results indicate that the NPs have diameters ranging from 7.88 (±1.24) at 0 h to 7.2 (±0.51) at 24 h after receiving them synthesized. With XRD, the Fe-α peak corresponding to 44.4009º was identified. The elimination of phenanthrene with nZVI-R.g was 66% at 10 d. and for the biostimulation assay 46%. In the removal assay there was an exponential growth until the 4th d and thereafter there was a reduction of the degrading bacterial population until the 10th d, in the biostimulation at the end of 16 d an exponential growth of the bacterial population was achieved. From the removal and biostimulation test, 12 bacterial species were identified. It is concluded that removal is feasible, with a decrease in bacterial population that can be restored by biostimulation of the bacterial population.