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Simulation of surface detector arrays at different altitudes to study the second knee energy region

Abstract:

In this work we study the effect of altitude on the response of a variety of surface detectors arrays using simulated extensive air showers coming from primary cosmic rays in the second knee energy region, with the aim of assessing the suitability of each configuration. The simulated arrays are all arranged in a square grid, varying the site altitude and the distance between detectors. The explored energy range is from 1016.25 eV to 1018 eV, using zenith angles lower than 45o. The spacing between detectors is of 325 m, 425 m and 525 m, at altitudes of 1400 m, 2400 m and 3400 m (a.s.l.). The main parameters used to study the efficiency of the proposed detector arrays are presented and discussed in this paper.